Nuclear reactor theory and experiments

Objectives:

  • To understand the physical processes involved in a nuclear reactor
  • To understand and be able to write down and solve the basic equations
  • To be able to simulate a reactor/source configuration as appropriate depending on:
    • number of dimensions
    • steady state or transient
    • number of groups
    • delayed precursors
    • space dependent properties and grid spacing
    • To learn how to measure neutron distributions and parameters relevant for nuclear reactors, in particular reactivity and reactivity coefficients.

    List of topics:

    • Physics of nuclear reactors
    • Transport and diffusion
    • Spatial dependence
    • Slowing down theory
    • Resonance integrals
    • Cell calculations
    • Neutron thermalisation
    • Multigroup equations
    • Reactivity and control
    • Reactor dynamics
    • Reactor codes
    • Neutron sources and detectors
    • Basic measurements: source strength, neutron flux (activation analysis, neutron counting), neutron spectrum (time of flight methods, unfolding methods), reaction rates
    • Activity, dose and cross-section measurement
    • Measurement of neutron transport parameters: stationary methods, pulsed neutron experiments
    • Measurement of reactivities (and reactivity coefficients): survey, static methods, dynamic measurements, inverse kinetics
    • Statistical fluctuation method: reactor noise, mathematical analysis, applications (Rossi-alpha, sign correlations, zero crossings)

    References:

    J.J. Duderstadt and L.J. Hamilton, "Nuclear Reactor Analysis", 1976 (Wiley & Sons)
    Lamarsh, J.R., "Introduction to Nuclear Reactor Theory", Addison-Wesley, Reading, Mass., 1966.
    Profio, A.E., Experimental Reactor Physics, J. Wiley, 1976.

    Amplitude and teaching methods:

    • 2.5 t.m. , 45 hours lectures, 45 hours lab. sessions, 15 hours independent study
    • SCK•CEN guidance: use of codes: 1 day
    • Use of a critical assembly at SCK•CEN.