Safety of nuclear power plants
Prof. Matthias Vanderhaegen – Universiteit Gent
Prof. Pierre- Etienne Labeau – Université Libre de Bruxelles
5 ECTS
141 hours study time
- 42 contact hours theory
- 6 contact hours exercises/laboratory sessions/visits
- 4 hours seminar
- 0 hours additional personal work (reading etc.)
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To introduce the students to methods and practices supporting the defense-in-depth approach for nuclear power plants.
More specifically:- To present elements of nuclear safety philosophy.
- To understand how to ensure the link between nuclear safety and reactor operation.
- To master all the contributors to the core reactivity balance and power distribution in normal operation.
- To understand specific measurement and control issues in nuclear reactors.
- To introduce the basic notions and techniques of system reliability engineering.
- To understand the concepts of safety analyses (both deterministic and probabilistic), and the fundamentals of probabilistic safety analysis (PSA).
- To present some PSA-based applications.
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Safety in normal operation and design basis accidents (28h)
- Fundamental Safety principles (IAEA), deterministic safety analyses of the design basis accidents and Cycle specific
safety evaluation methodology. - Basic principles of the in-core fuel management based on the linear reactivity model.
- Reactivity coefficients (moderator, Doppler), neutron poisons (xenon, samarium, …), their variation with burnup
and core state and their impact on safety. - Reactivity control means as safety functions (boron, control rods, burnable poisons) and their sensitivity to the
core burnup and in-core fuel management parameters. - Core power distributions, operating limits.
- Fuel rod design, thermal-mechanical behavior and limits in normal operation and accidental conditions.
- Main reactor protection systems
Optional visits and laboratory session:
- Visit of a Nuclear Power Plant (Doel).
- Two day session of compact and full scope Nuclear Power Plant simulator (Tihange).
Reliability & Safety (14h theory + 6h exercises)
- Introduction to nuclear safety and defence in depth
- deterministic vs. probabilistic safety analyses
- probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) methodology and PSA levels and indicators
- Component reliability
- Fault tree and event tree analysis
- Markov analysis
- Common cause failure analysis
- Elements of human reliability analysis
- Elements of the level 2 and level 3 PSA methodology
- Limits of the classical PSA methodology
- PSA-based applications
Seminar (3 hours each):
- Introduction to PWR technology
- In-core fuel management: possible evolution within the safety limits
- Description of the major nuclear accidents (TMI, Chernobyl, Fukushima-Daiichi…)
- Fundamental Safety principles (IAEA), deterministic safety analyses of the design basis accidents and Cycle specific
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Operation & Control
- Collection Génie Atomique "La chaudière des réacteurs à eau sous pression" Ed. EDP Sciences, 2004
- Collection Génie Atomique « Exploitation des coeurs REP », Ed. EDP Sciences, 2008
- USNRC Technical Training Center, « Pressurized Water Reactor Systems”
Reliability & Safety
- Modarres, M., What Every Engineer Should Know about Reliability and Risk Analysis, Dekker Inc., New York, 1993.
- Kumamoto, H., and Henley, E.J., Probabilistic Risk Assessment and Management for Engineers and Scientists, 2nd
Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2001. - Leroy, A., and Signoret, J.P., Reliability Assessment of Safety and Production Systems, Springer Series in Reliability
Engineering 2021
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Courses in the following field
- Nuclear reactor theory
- Nuclear thermal hydraulics
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Operation & Control
First and second session: Individual oral exam, closed book, written preparation
Reliability & Safety
First and second session: Written examination (closed book).
- The grade will be determined by weighing the grades on the separate parts, in proportion to the number of ECTS per part.
In case of a failure for one of the parts, the examination committee can decide to penalize by lowering the final grade. - The examination of the separate parts of this course can be scheduled on multiple days.
- The grade will be determined by weighing the grades on the separate parts, in proportion to the number of ECTS per part.